AFAA Personal Trainer Certification Practice Exam

What underlying condition is often responsible for peripheral artery disease?

1. Osteoporosis

2. Atherosclerosis

3. Rheumatism

4. Fibromyalgia

The correct answer is: Atherosclerosis

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is primarily caused by atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of fatty deposits (plaques) in the artery walls. This condition narrows the arteries and reduces blood flow to the limbs, often leading to symptoms such as pain and cramping in the legs during physical activity. Atherosclerosis contributes to the development of PAD because it directly affects the arteries, which can lead to a range of complications, including reduced blood supply to vital tissues. Other conditions listed, such as osteoporosis, rheumatism, and fibromyalgia, do not play a direct role in the development of peripheral artery disease. Osteoporosis primarily affects bone density and does not have a direct impact on arterial health. Rheumatism encompasses various inflammatory conditions that may affect joints and soft tissues rather than impacting circulation specifically. Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread pain and does not lead to vascular complications like PAD. Hence, atherosclerosis is recognized as the leading cause of peripheral artery disease, making it the correct choice in this context.